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The base map can be thought of as the foundation of your design. It will include a scale e.g. 1:100, site orientation (showing north), site title and location, and key features. The base map shows the important and permanent features, not every detail. When a base map has been produced it can be copied and used to record observations, as a base for transparent overlays, to test ideas and to build the final design.
(Image source: London Permaculture)